Numerical Integration

Numerical integration is a method used to approximate definite integrals when an analytical solution is difficult or impossible to obtain. There are various techniques for numerical integration, including the Riemann sum, Trapezoidal rule, Simpson’s rule, and more advanced techniques such as Gaussian quadrature and adaptive integration methods.

Numerical integration methods are widely used in science, engineering, and other fields when analytical solutions are not available or are too time-consuming to compute. The choice of method depends on factors such as the desired accuracy, the properties of the function being integrated, and the available computational resources.